If clause
الجملة الشرطية
If clause / unless
إذا لم \ إذا
Note: four types of clause:
الجملة الصفرية الشرطية1- Zero conditional clause
Form:
If + subject + v1, subject + v1
Examples:
a- If people work hard, they usually achieve a success.
***61558; إذا وجدنا بالشطر الثاني مؤشر من مؤشراتالمضارع البسيط مثل( usually ) تعتبر الجملة صفرية
b- If you speak English, you usually have better job opportunities.
جملة الشرط الاول 2- First conditional clause
• يوجد للشرط الاول شكلان :
Form A:-
if +subject + v1 , subject + will + infinitive
Examples:
a- If you go to school, you will learn science.
b- If Maha studies hard, she will pass.
c- Rami will see me if I want him.
d- If I want Rami, he will see me.
Form B:-
If + subject + v1 ,(don't+ imperative) imperative
Examples:
a- If you want to be good in English, read English short stories.
b- If you go abroad, don't forget friends.
جملة الشرط الثاني 3- The second conditional clause
Form:
if + subject + v2 , subject + would + infinitive
Examples:
a- If you spoke English fluently, you would go to England.
b- Ali would not catch the bus if he did not arrive early
***61558; لنفي الماضي البسيط نستخدم (did not +infinitive) مع المفرد والجمع
c- If he went to Saudi Arabia, he would go to Mecca
جملة الشرط الثالث 4- The third conditional clause
Form:
if + subject + had + v3, would + have + v3
Examples:
a- If Samera had received your letter before you left, she would have given youa letter.
b- Samera would have given you a letter if she had received it before you left.
c- If Sami had not bought a new car, he would have had enough money to completehis study.
Rewriting from if to unless
إعادة الكتابة من if إلى unless
1- if the two parts are affirmative, we have to negate them
***61692; إذا كان الجزئين مثبتين بالحل يجب أن ننفيها
Example:
a- If he has enough money, he will buy a new house.
Unless he has enough money, he will not buy a new house.
***61692; أدوات النفي ( not/no/never)
2- If the two parts are negative, we have to leave them negative.
***61692; إذا كان الجزئين منفيين بالحل يجب أن يبقيامنفيين.
Example:
a- If he does not have enough money, he won't buy a new car.
Unless he has enough money, he won't buy a new car.
***61693; إذا وجدنا does not مع if احذفها وأنزل الفعل مضاف له sأو es
***61693; = = do not = = = = = مجردا infinitive))
***61693; = = did not = = = = = محول للماضي (v2)
3- If the first part is affirmative and the second one is negative, we negatethe first and make the second affirmative.
***61692; إذا كان الجزء الاول مثبت والثاني منفي ننفيالاول ونثبت الثاني .
Example:
a- If you come early, you will not lose the bus.
Unless you come early, you will lose the bus.
4- If the first part is negative and the second one is affirmative, we have tonegate the first part and leave the second one affirmative.
***61692; إذا كان الجزء الاول منفي والثاني مثبت بالحلننفي الاول ونبقي الثاني مثبت.
Example:
a- If you don't come early, you will lose the bus.
Unless you come early, you will lose the bus.
b- we will go for a picnic if the weather is not windy.
Unless the weather is windy, we will go for a picnic.
Rewriting from unless to if
How to change unless into if
***61692; كيف نحول unless إلى if
=== يجب أن نضع بعد If ما يلي:
• أضع don't إذا كانالفعل مضارع والفاعل جمع.
• = doesn't = = = = = مفرد.
• = didn't = = = ماضي = مفرد وجمع.
Examples:
a- Unless I have money, I won't go for a picnic.
If I don't have money, I won't go for a picnic.
b- Maha won't get a good mark unless she studies hard.
If Maha doesn't study hard, she won't get a good mark.
الثلاثاء يوليو 10, 2012 5:54 pm من طرف Eduman
